But it is what we aim at. Did you know you can highlight text to take a note? In 1951 Salinger released his novel, The Catcher in the Rye, an immediate popular success. The tension between the two increases when Holden asks Stradlater about his date with Jane. The hat is eccentric and displays Holdens desires to be diverse from everyone else around him, yet at the same time Holden is very self-conscious about the red hunting hat. The presence of the hat, therefore, mirrors the central conflict in the book: Holden's need for isolation versus his need for companionship. The way a language chooses to express, or not express, various meanings cannot be predicted and only occasionally matches the way another language chooses to express the same meanings. This type of code switching is translation proper, the object of Translation Studies. None of their constituents may be substituted with words of similar meaning. Loneliness is the emotional manifestation of the alienation Holden experiences; it is both a source of great pain and a source of his security. You may cancel your subscription on your Subscription and Billing page or contact Customer Support at custserv@bn.com. The incident involving the composition about Allie's baseball glove and the fight with Stradlater is intended to establish that Holden has a talent for writing--but only when he feels like writing and only when he can choose the topic. on 50-99 accounts. The most frequent types of difficulties arising from translation that can be proposed to assess in any translation are the following: The method of penalization of errors must be previously established, using clear criteria, and placing emphasis on the lack of coherence, especially regarding meaning and sense, whether it is due to faulty translation, missing items or the wrong application of lexical, semantic, grammatical, graphemic and/or cultural transfer. of The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. This has been mainly achieved by the careful and analytical comparison of some identical passages from the ST with its translations. These mistakes are caused not only by difference in their semantic structure but by the difference of their usage as well which demand lexical changes. The fame of Salinger grew very much at Eighties, when it appeared a lot of articles and comments about The Catcher in the Rye: one critic said that this novel was satanic. The object of this research paper can be considered as one that gives the detailed review of the translation difficulties. To present the main features of the Modernist Period; To point out all the aspects that influenced the writer J. D. Salinger to write the prominent work The Catcher in the Rye. In this case it can go unnoticed in everyday conversation, like she attacked my views. An idiom or fixed expression may have a similar counterpart in the target language, but its context of use may be different; the two expressions may have different connotations, for instance, or they may not be pragmatically transferable. What other character Why did Holden decide to write Stradlater's composition for him in The Catcher in the Rye? All this explanations or meanings of these words were used in the novel and through these exemples the it could be resulted that the authors vocabulary in this novel is very rich. (Salinger 201). An idiom or fixed expression may have a similar counterpart in the target language, but its context of use may be different; the two expressions may have different connotations, for instance, or they may not be pragmatically transferable. Holden's loneliness, a more concrete manifestation of his alienation problem, is a driving force throughout the book. He is also mad because he knows that it is impossible to keep from kids getting their innocence taken away. Other types are derivations from one of the other meanings that lead to a verb or activity. It should be mentioned that word combinability is possible if words point to similar objects they denote. Salinger seems to be almost identical to Holden in the story. What happens to Holden after his date with Sally Hayes and his meeting with Carl Luce both end badly? Dont have an account? In The Catcher in the Rye, what does Mr. Antolini's quotation, from a psychoanalyst named Wilhelm Stekel, mean? The Ducks vanish every winter, but they return every spring. Slangisms are often used in colloquial speech but not all colloquialisms are slangisms. The hat is outlandish, and it shows that Holden desires to be different from everyone around him. Since there is never a good coincidence of meaning between phraseologisms, there is a very high risk of finding others that have different metaphors, a different meaning, and are not at all fit for specific cases. Instead of paying attention to the game, he would write poetry on his glove while playing the outfield. Hyperbole is a device which is sharpens the readers ability to make a logical assessment of the utterance. Educators go through a rigorous application process, and every answer they submit is reviewed by our in-house editorial team. He has different perspective to other people, even though he has a. "Allie has written poetry all over the glove so he has something to read when he gets bored in the outfield. . First of all we should account for the techniques or the main pont of an analyse such as translation dificulties and lexical peculiarities that are used during the Modern Age for pointing out the most esential meaning of the writings that were written during the period. equivalence of form and shape. In fact, Holdens reactions to his adventure are more significant than the adventure itself. Its hopeless, anyway. There are different types of lexical difficulties in translation and the main of them are: A polysemy is a word or phrase with multiple, related meanings. "What did Holden decide to write about in Stradlater's composition in The Catcher in the Rye?" Difference in the semantic structure of a word represents one of the main reason causing lexical difficulties in translation. Sometimes only one of those meanings is intended, depending on context, and sometimes multiple meanings are intended at the same time. In translation, both the source language and the target one are important. He has not published an original work since 1965 and has not been interviewed since 1980. Translation of these words depends on the context, which helps to identify their concrete meaning. Through his work in The Catcher in the Rye, we can see Salinger's battle fatigue or post-traumatic stress disorder in his character, Holden Caulfield. Question 3 60 seconds Q. I was wondering where the ducks went when the lagoon got all icy and frozen over. creating and saving your own notes as you read. There are various types of idioms, some more easily recognizable than others. While applying some grammatical or lexical transformation in translation the translator is guided by principle of rendering grammatical of lexical meaning. Stradlater is a "Yearbook" kind of handsome guy. But then, they have solutions and they can change their hard conditions for better ones. The literature of this period is marked by the activities of many well-known writers. The example for this wrd with its meanings could be like I left the goddam foils andstuff on the subway (J. D. Salinger: p.170 in English and Am uitat blestmatele aleade florete ?i tot echipamentul in metrou. and throughthis example ispinted out that the author used not only the main meaning of the word. Modernists shared a common purpose. In short, must take into account all the above mentioned elements while translating the text. The well-known representatives of this period are Ernest Hemingway with his writings The Sun Also Rise and A Farewell to Arms.. "Anything. All Rights Reserved. Mothers are all slightly insane(Salinger 176), this shows Holdens belief that all adults are in one way or another phony. But it is necessary to convey some very specific details from the original socio-cultural reality in order to remind the target audience that the source text is written in another culture. Allie is a special person to Holden because of his intelligence and kindness, When Holden accepted the favor of writing Stradlater's composition, Holden has also accepted an obstacle in his time during his stay in Pencey Prep. The Romanian version faithfully and accurately kept and rendered Salingers use of intonational stress and italicized words, which represents an important case of gain. Stradlater then becomes worried that he has hurt Holden and will get into trouble. And hes also an important influence for writers as Harold Brodkey or the two Pulitzer Prize- winners John Updike and Philip Roth. to start your free trial of SparkNotes Plus. Jargon, like many examples of slang, may be used to exclude nongroup members from the conversation, but in general has the function of allowing its users to talk precisely about technical issues in a given field. The fact that he keeps the mitt with poems inside, tells the reader that Holden has not let go of his past nor of innocence. However, the story had reached a turning point and Holden was at the height of his preoccupation, therefore, he could not think on the directions, so he decided to write about a baseball glove. When he finally gets around to writing Stradlater's composition, he only does it . Modernism as a literary movement is seen, in large part, as a reaction to the emergence of city life as a central force in society. I went down by a different staircase, and I saw another Fuck you on the wall. This difference of word combinability in various languages is very important; therefore some types of combinability are easily accepted in one of language and are completely unacceptable in other languages. It is not important to classify the device itself but the point is to be able to realize their ongoing effect and to identify the purpose of their application in the translation they are working on. and how should i write it.. pls and thanks" eNotes Editorial, 27 Mar. They are classified as : The first four are grammatical and the last one lexical. Lotman describes literature and art in general as a secondary modelling systems, as an indication of the fact that they are derived from the primary modelling system of language, and declares as firmly as Sapir or Whorf that `No language can exist unless it is stepped in the context of culture; and no culture can exist which does not have at its centre, the structure of natural language.' eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. Holden annoys Stradlater by writing the composition about a baseball glove rather than about a room or house, as Stradlater had asked him. Latest answer posted March 19, 2020 at 11:46:52 PM. One difficulty in translation stems from the fact that most words have multiple meanings. This may be intended to explain why he doesn't write about his adventures and misadventures in New York until some time after these events have occurred. Motifs are recurring structures, contrasts, or literary devices that can help to develop and inform the text's major themes. In The Catcher in the Rye, why does Holden like Mercutio (from Romeo and Juliet) so much? Another important aspect concerning the importance of translations in general, and of Salingers s Romanian version in particular, is that much of the target audience has access to a literary text only through its translation in the TL. Salinger is now a recluse. Pinned, Holden continues to insult Stradlater, accusing him of thinking he can have sex with anyone he wants. We often deal with paraphrasing when trying to explain or define things. Separation of meanings and senses from the context, Despairing individual behaviors in the face of an unmanageable future, Objection of the traditional thoughts and the traditional moralities. Perhaps Holden interacts with it with the innocence and the purity he believes with these characters represents and wears it as a way to connect to them. Order custom essay The Importance of Stradlaters Composition in the Catcher in the Rye And finally, it can be said that Salinger didnt assume the fame as well as other authors and hes actually out of the literary world. International words are words that are used in a wide range of languages in one or several forms. The first type of translation difficulties that could be seen in J. D. Salingers novel The Catcher in the Ray is distinguished between various uses of a word of general vocabulary. "The Catcher in the Rye" is supposedly being written in the first person by a sixteen-year-old boy. Through this hyperbole the author wanted to point out to the reader what could do one little English job through this stylistic device the author intensify the functions of a little English job.. eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. With our Essay Lab, you can create a customized outline within seconds to get started on your essay right away. This is achieved, as in case with other devices, by awakening the dichotomy of thought and feeling where thought takes the upper hand though not to the detriment of feeling. The free trial period is the first 7 days of your subscription. Catcher in the Rye Essay In the novel The Catcher and the Rye by J. D. Salinger Holden believes childhood, and adulthood are completely different. Salinger is one of the best twentieth-century America authors. In literature and writing, a stylistic device is the use of any of a variety of techniques to give an auxiliary meaning, idea, or feeling to the literal or written. However, market requirements are increasingly demanding that translators transfer texts to a target language that is not their mother tongue, but a foreign language. A lot of literary critics saw in this novel an advance of the crazies Sixties, with rebel and revolutionary young people who didnt understand the fabulous society that adults had build. If you get on the side where all the hot-shots are, then it's a game, all rightI'll admit that. He wants life to remain frozen like the display cases in the museum. There are five quotations that are used by the author in his novel The Catcher in the Ray: Game, my ass. All these meanings of this word could be seen in the third chapter in the example dirty hell in English that is translated into Romanian as ngrozitor de murdare that point out that the author used not only the main meaning of the word in his novel but and the secondary meanings of the word. He leaves abruptly, as though trying to escape the torment of his environment. Holden annoys Stradlater by writing the composition about a baseball glove rather than about a room or . The author used a lot of stylistic devices of these kinds in order to capture readers attention to the smallest elements used by the writer for pointing out those elements that could not be used without those peculiarities of Modernists writers. After a dry and unappetizing steak dinner in the dining hall, Holden gets into a snowball fight with some of the other Pencey boys. It exist a thin line between seriousness and humour. collected. Holden's curiosity about where the ducks go during the winter reveals a genuine, more youthful side to his character. From the investigated material was defined that: A translation difficulty is a problem that could be met in the process of translation because a translation is the same text in a different language. Lexical peculiarities - are the techniques, methods, elements used by the author that are characteristic for the Modernist Period; Translation difficulties are the problem that appear during the process of translation from the cause that the author uses different meaning of the words and some types of translation difficulties that are specific for such process. Here will be discussed the impact Salinger had, and still has, on writers worldwide. - Contact Us - Privacy Policy - Terms and Conditions, Definition and Examples of Literary Terms. Literary translators can also use the interpretation of other critics, the options of other native speakers of both the SL and the TL, and the help of numerous dictionaries (but this type of support is limited in ideas). Paradigmatic equivalence, where there is equivalence of `the elements of a paradigmatic expressive axis', i.e. Since The Catcher in the Rye was written in the 1940s, many of the slangy expressions in it are probably nowadays considered old fashioned and not used anymore. Romanian translation has the tendency to skip certain short passages or expressions of the ST in order to adapt them to the TT and Romanian style presented examples in point. Why? Life is a game, boy. Discount, Discount Code It gets great importance while making translation to add or omit some words since the structures of languages are quite different. It is suggested to be drastic with text omissions, but it was found as an important feature to point out to the students all the positive aspects of meaning of her/his translation. It is probably significant that Holden sells his typewriter to Frederick Woodruff before leaving Pencey. He feels guilty that he, who lives because he is not sick like Allie was, is inferior and stupid. Though he continues to complain about Ackley, the sympathy he feels for his next-door neighbor is evident when he convinces Mal Brossard to let Ackley join them at the movies. It is clear in the early chapters,. Copyright 2023 Literary Devices. Continue to start your free trial. Every word in a language carries some concrete notion. It is characteristic to English language the availability of words with wide spread meaning. Yes, Holden agrees with Stradlater to write composition for him because he decided to make a deal with the society. Meaning is not some abstract object that is independent of people and culture. The author used in his work epithets in order to make the reader to see easily the true in the navel and to create interest for reading the novel which would capture readers attention quickly and without any questions. Ask and answer questions. 125, No. Polyseme in the same time is the capacity for a sign (e.g., a word, phrase, etc.) He also feels that it is his duty to protect others and himself from growing up. Holden, traumatized and aware of the fragility of the life by his brother Allies death, Holden is terrified by the idea of change and disappearances. Holden does not understand why Allie who was much smarter than him died. After Stradlater asks the expelled Holden to write a composition for him because he "doesn't know where to put the commas," Holden writes, "That's something else that gives me a royal. The whole arrangements designed for men who, at some time or other in their lives, were looking for something their own environment couldn't supply them with. Sometimes only one of those meanings is intended, depending on context, and sometimes multiple meanings are intended at the same time. They sought to capture the essence of modern life in the form and content of their work. The topic of the composition is to describe a room or a house; however, describing something meaningful only leads to . Id just be the catcher in the rye and all(Salinger 98). . Holden is angry at his family for coping with Allie's death, he is angry at the world for continuing when his little brother died. Contemporary critics discuss a clear progression over the course of Salinger's published work, as evidenced by the increasingly negative reviews received by each of his three post-Catcher story collections. Selma is the Headmaster's daughter. It would be conclusive to say that critics of The Catcher in the Rye have legitimate criticisms of the novel, while advocates and supporters of the story's message also have expressed veritable praise. In the words of Nida and Taber (1974): Translating consists of reproducing, in the target language, the nearest equivalent to the message in the source language, in the first place in the semantic aspect and, in the second place, in the stylistic aspect. or signs to have multiple meanings or a large semantic field. It could even state that Holdens personality is more important than the story he is going to tell us. Explanations are often used within arguments and presented so as to serveas arguments. Paradigmatic and semantic relations are characteristic to any words and the lexical potential of words can be revealed in both cases. Of course, Holden himself is guilty of both these crimes. March 3, 2023, SNPLUSROCKS20 Afterward, he smokes a cigarette in the room just to annoy Stradlater. But the impossibility of such a fantasy is the tragedy of Holden's situation: rather than face the challenges around him, he retreats to a fantasy world of his own making. The main task of a translator is to remember and take into account all the difficulties of translation and render the authors thought as accurate as possible using different literal devices employed originally by the author., Analysis of the translation into Romanian of J. D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye, which represents my major contribution to this research paper it was focused on presenting the Romanian versions of Salingers novel in order to find the main translation difficulties translation as well as its impact on Romanian readership. Intralinguistic translation, or rewording means interpreting verbal signs through other signs of the same language. While the young protagonists of Salinger's stories (such as Holden Caulfield) have made him a longtime favorite of high school and university audiences, establishing Salinger as "the spokesman for the goals and values for a generation of youth during the 1950's" (qtd. I think the point the author is trying to make is that Holden is terrified about the unpredictable challenges of the world. In other words, in ellipsis an item is replaced by nothing. Yes, Holden agrees with Stradlater to write composition for him because he decided to make a deal with the society. J. D. Salinger and The Catcher in the Rye Background. J. D. Salinger also uses another comparison with the worst place that could exist as hell because the author pointed out through the comparison like sad as hell (J.D.Salinger:13) that he used this word also with another meaning like that the person that made the worst thing in this life because through this words the author showed to the reader that Holdens feelings were compared with a hell. So this book supposed a big phenomenon of sales during Fifties and Sixties; but today, in the XXI century, catch more supporters and it is still editing, there are a lot of editions in different languages. Metaphor is inherent in language. In some places, the repetitions become even language errors, revealing Holdens natural, informal style: and how my parents were occupied and all before they had me, and all that David Copperfield kind of crap. In Salingers Catcher in the Rye Holden Caulfields entire plot deals with him trying to isolate from society. It should be discussed cases of linguistic inconsistency in the Romanian version, such as the rendition of intonational stress. about, []. Who is Phoebe? Ackley's room In the book The Catcher in the Rye, in chapter 20, why does Holden do his "bullet in the guts" number again? Another detail is that the hats color, red is the same color as Allies and Phoebes hair. For intricate and unspoken reasons, seemingly stemming from Allie's death, Holden has trouble dealing with this kind of complexity. He followed Catcher with a short story collection, Nine Stories (1953), a collection of a novella and a short story, Franny and Zooey (1961), and a collection of two novellas, Raise High the Roof Beam, Carpenters and Seymour: An Introduction (1963). And this features enables the translator to use his creativity in translation. Ian Hamilton adheres to this view, arguing that while Salinger's early stories for the "slicks" boasted "tight, energetic" dialogue, they had also been formulaic and sentimental. You'll also receive an email with the link. Therefore omission and supplementation are frequently combined with other types of grammatical transformations and more frequently with substitution of parts of speech. It's ironic because Stradlater is a good student, and Holden is being kicked out of school for failing. On the one hand, despises his room mates and headmaster of Elton Hills prep school ,but does have a favorite teacher. This research paper consist of two chapters. database? This chapter will point out the activity of one of the main representative of the 20th century J.D.Salinser and critics about one of the well-known writing of this writer The Catcher in the Rye. He wrote this terrific book of short stories, The Secret Goldfish, in case you never heard of him. He is angry at life for being so unfair. If unrecognized, they are translated interpreting the meaning of the single words to the letter, with doubtful outcome. We must think that the authors language was revolutionary, new and controversial at the time his first stories were published. Those which are easily recognizable include expressions which violate truth conditions. Our search for who we are is fuelled by our innate desire to achieve a sense of acceptance and belonging. So it can be consider that J. D. Salinger has a rich literary base and he becomes a kind of teacher for several big writers. This leads to the interpretation that using the same linguistic pattern denotes a more faithful translation. Finally, Holden senses sometimes that the words he is using are not quite right, that language fails him: "I don't exactly know what I mean by that," he says at one point, "but I mean it." However, our English teacher was a belligerent person who claimed to know the 'mind of the writer' and claimed to have know him .
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