It can be amended only in special circumstances. The system is not very stable since the prime minister does not have a fixed term. In particular, proposed amendments to the Constitution and other types of constitutional laws (see Question 1) must undergo two successive debates in each House of . It fails to keep pace with the changed social, economic and political conditions of the country. Types of constitution. The word democracy is derived from two Greek words, demos and kratia. The former means people while the latter means government or rule. It is necessary to take quick decisions to deal with such emergencies. See the truth as to whether lawyers are liars or not. This type of constitution is partially written and partly oral. 1. SUMMARY: A constitution of the state has the following main functions:- To declare the existence of the state, its name, people, character, political ethos and system; To declare the territorial boundaries of the state (Article 2); To establish organs of governance, provide for recruitment, disciplining of public officials and provide for In one sense this is true: in the United States there is a formal document called the Constitution, whereas there is no such document in the United Kingdom. He may be the king, president, chief, the emblem of the state and the Father or mother of the nation. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. At the same time, uncodified constitution type is based on customs and traditions. A rigid constitution is a constitution which has a cumbersome or long amendment procedure. There are 6 types of the constitution, these are; Written and Unwritten Constitution Federal and Unitary Constitution Flexible and Rigid Constitution Moanrichanl and Republican Constitution Presidential and Parliamentary Constitution Let's discuss them one by one; 1. This type of constitution may be amended just like any statute, with a simple majority of vote of the members of the parliament. As it is partially written and not partially not written, the British Constitution is based on a number of practices or convection. Historical examples include Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia, Czar Nicholas II of Russia, and the former Shah of Iran, Reza Palavi. It is quite difficult to amend, making it too rigid. Register or login to receive notifications when there's a reply to your comment or update on this information. He rules by divine right and his powers were not limited by the constitution if any. Democracy, therefore, loosely translates to the peoples rule. Am having exam tomorrow and this what im going to read for the exam, Great work here but I need more clarity. It does not share power with other organs in the country, but transfers power to provincial, local and other sub-government. The US constitution is an exemplary rigid constitution, for a proposal of constitutional amendment requires a two-thirds majority vote in both Houses of the Congress: the House of Representatives (435 members) and the Senate (100 Senators). Government Constitutions Types of Constitution. The need for amendment may be very urgent for country, but the attempt to amend a rigid constitution may fail. The development of the material constitution is decisive in determining the retention or demiseas well as the actual meaning and scope in applicationof the principles and rules of the written constitution, whether the latter is rigid or flexible. This is a lesson from the tutorial, Constitutions and you are encouraged to log ADVERTISEMENTS: The word democracy is derived from a combination of two Greek words Demos meaning people, and kratia meaning rule or government. A rigid constitution is a type of constitutional framework that is difficult to amend or change. The division of powers in this system hampers the potential rise of despotic rulers, protecting the peoples liberty. While India is a blend of rigid and flexible constitution. ALSO READ: Advantage and disadvantages of an unwritten constitution. Rigid: A federal constitution has the major legal authority than the other laws. He also implement all the laws enact by the current parliament. This type of government is also known as a "federation" or a "federal state" in common parlance (eg., United States of America). Constitution to the particular governmental action under review. 6. The democratic constitution provides for the peoples participation in government either directly or through elected representatives. A rigid constitution brings about a stable government whereas, there is no stability in a flexible constitution. A rigid constitution cannot be easily amended. To a certain extent interpretation inevitably involves adaptation of the letter of the law to societal changes. The constitutions of USA, Australia and Switzerland are the example of a rigid constitution. On the basis of the amendment procedure (procedure for making changes to the Constitution), a constitution can be classified into rigid and flexible. This answer has two elements. The downside is that popular passion is influenced by emotion, not reason. On the other hand, a monarchical one provides for a government led by an emperor, king, or queen. The laws reflect a nations historical continuity. Today, we will discuss those different types of constitution. Here are the main advantages and disadvantages of a republican constitution. This is especially true when people elect suitable leaders who represent their interests. The procedure for amending a flexible constitution is not cumbersome, long expensive, time or energy consuming. Does the constitution provide for a separation of powers? As a result, the legislature cannot blame the executive for the non-implementation of the nations policies. In this type, the constitution may be written or mainly based on agreements. On preparing for the competition, I came a cross a book that really exposed me to the differences between the different between the types of constitution. Although it can actually be amended when found necessary. You can learn more about how we use cookies by visiting our privacy policy page. not. A written constitution is a formal document that defines the nature of constitutional agreements; theses include rules that govern the political system and the rights of citizens and governments in a codified form. It provides for the formation of an expert government since those appointed to office do not necessarily have to be part of the legislature. Federalism in India. Joel Ivan, Thanks also I want to ask a question about functions of the constitution of the United republic of Tanzania of 1977 as ammended time to time, Explain classes of constitution This central body does not share its power but can delegate it to subordinate bodies such as local and regional governments. On the occasion of the Stephen Ellis Annual Lecture by Prof. Muna Ndulo on Ethnicity, diversity, inclusivity and constitution making in Africa (17 November) the Library, Documentation and Information Department of the African Studies Centre Leiden has compiled a web dossier on African constitutions. There are laid down procedures for dealing with conflicts and differences. It has been criticized as being vague and indefinite. The others are classifications of constitutions not types because you may find that some may be categorized under written and others under unwritten. The system allows economic, social, and political experimentation since power is shared across different states. However, the procedure for amending a rigid constitution may include a two third majority vote of members of the central government legislature, as well as a two-third majority vote in two-third of the state legislatures in such country, and sometimes ratification by the people in a referendum and so forth. On the other hand, a parliamentary constitution is a type of constitution where all the executive powers of the government are vested in a Prime Minister, who is the head of government and the head of the majority party, but is not the head of state. So, here Im going to drop my pen for this article. Types of majorities: Simple majority Special majority Effective majority Absolute majority Meaning of Quorum: minimum members requires for the particular meeting. As the procedure of amendment of a rigid constitution is very difficult, it causes problems for the country. c. outlined in The Federalist Papers, issue V d. found in Article 3 of the U.S. The rigid constitution contributes to political stability. Instead of a 50% + 1 majority, a 2/3, 3/5 or 3/4 majority is required. This could end up being done to satisfy the needs of those in power, completely disregarding the minorities. Each body exercises its assigned functions and powers. This happens because all resources have to be mobilized by the national government. Absolute monarch: This is one in which the monarch has absolute powers of governance. The president has sweeping powers, a factor that may give rise to patronage when they appoint their close friends to powerful positions. He rules by divine sovereignty and his authority is not limited by the constitution. The United Kingdoms constitution is flexible, because any of its constitutional institutions and rules can be abrogated or modified by an act of Parliament. The laws are accommodative to cultural and economic differences across different states. Do you ever run into any web browser compatibility issues? Your email address will not be published. A. V. Diceydefines a rigid constitution as one under which certain laws, calledconstitutional lawsorfundamental lawscannot be changed in the same manner as ordinary laws. A rigid constitution set forth specific legal/constitutional obstacles to be overcome before it may be amended, such as special approval of the people by referendum, a supermajority or special majority in thelegislature, or both. Written Constitution: A written constitution refers to when the whole body of fundamental law, customs, . of. The written constitution can be of three types rigid, flexible or the combination thereof. A rigid constitution allows for careful consideration before any amendment is made to the constitution. Under a unitary system, most people look up to the government to initiate and implement development initiatives, a fact that could stifle local initiatives. constitution. There are two types of Amendment procedures. For example, theConstitution of Australia is rigid, while theBritish Constitutionand theIsraeli Constitutionare flexible. We're sorry, but in order to log in and use all the features of this website, you will need to enable JavaScript in your browser. Rigid constitutions are those, which require a special procedure for the amendment. A rigid constitution brings about a stable government whereas, there is no stability in a flexible constitution. Note: the strength of quorum in India is 1/10th of total members Simple majority: 50% +1 of members present and voting. On the other hand, in rigid constitutions, people can easily feel that the current laws do not address their needs and turn to revolutions to get their way. These instruments also determine the duties and powers of those in office and safeguard the rights of the people. Written and Unwritten Constitution Uncodified and codified are they among types of constitution, Pls provide case laws and authorities backing this types of constitution. It protects the rights of the minority through judicial systems. Article 368 of the Indian Constitution provides the procedure of Amendment. Unlike a rigid constitution that must require two-third majority of the parliament to amend the constitution, a flexible constitution may only require a simple majority. Under this scheme there are two types of constitution.-flexible and rigid. A rigid constitution does not easily meet the dynamic social, economic and political needs and development of people especially where it does not have an active, visionary and progressive judiciary that will liberally interpret the constitution to accommodate and meet the constantly changing needs of the country and its people. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); I really admires and likes all your lessons because it teaches real source. Thus, the relative continuity of a countrys constitutional law does not depend entirely on the adoption of a rigid constitution, though such a constitution may make changes at times more complicated and difficult. For amending it, the legislature has to pass an amendment bill by a specific, usually big, majority of 2/3rd or 3/4th. Are Lawyers liars? There you have the major differences between a rigid and flexible constitution. Constitutions worldwide are categorized into different types on the basis of their physical form and the procedure laid down to make changes in them. In a unitary system, the people only owe their allegiance to one central body of power. It is always recommended to visit an institution's official website for more information. The Constitution of Nigeria is the written supreme law of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. There can often be deadlocks between the legislature and the executive. 20. A country may encounter different kinds of disasters like earthquakes and cyclones. Do you have any solutions to help fix this issue? In this article I will clearly highlight the basic differences between a rigid and flexible constitution. It is easily adaptable to a countrys changing circumstances. You might want to see the problems of democracy here. It easily safeguards the traditions of a country. Samuel is bent on changing the legal profession by building Web and Mobile Apps that will make legal research a lot easier. The states name is derived from the Cross River that runs through it. Second nature is that it can be seen as a legal, social and political contract between government as a organization. Unitary systems can easily evolve into dictatorships. Due to its overly flexible nature, the rules in this constitution keep on changing. Unfortunately, in such a scenario, a rigid set of laws make it very difficult to institute the necessary changes. Therefore, relying on the popular passion for amending the countrys laws can result in disharmony and imbalance. Their sovereignty shall be expressed through their representatives elected in accordance with this Constitution and through their direct democratic The powers of the different tiers of the government are usually spelt out in legislative lists of the federal constitution. To understand the Monarchical Constitution, you must understand that the monarchy is a government govern by a King, Queen, or Emperor. An unwritten constitution is a type of constitution does not contain a single document. There are different types of constitutions under the monarchical setup. This type of constitution can easily be tempered with and may change easily. I enjoin you to seat calmly and read this work so that you will be able to grasp everything I will discuss here. Ratifying Convention; see 10th Amendment). Written and unwritten constitutions. Whether long or short, written constitutions can concern themselves exclusively or prevalently with the organization of government or deal extensively also with the rights of the people and with the goals of governmental action. This type of constitution is excellent for a countrys development since it can easily factor in the countrys evolution in terms of technology, education, politics, and social factors. Required fields are marked *. Fundamental Rights 10. You are already subscribed to our newsletter! What do you know about the main top types of inflation? Parliamentary sovereignty is commonly regarded as the defining principle of the British Constitution. If the President proclaims an emergency for the whole or part of India under Article 352, the Parliament may be entitled . -air hunger; sighing-sorrow, shock, stress, and disappointment; take after breakup with mate or death of pet or relative to help deal with the grief more effectively -chronic grieving, sadness, loneliness-deep depression-claustrophobic fears; great insomnia remedy-over-reactive mental state, anxiety from loss; nervous personality 4. Some federal features of the constitution are where in the cases where State's consent is needed for amendment and the three types of lists which give powers to the state. The constitution can be quite expensive to implement, especially when it comes to electing people into office. Types of Constitution: 1. We literally have two types of constitutions and they are written and unwritten constitutions. Edeh Samuel Chukwuemeka ACMC, is a Law Student and a Certified Mediator/Conciliator in Nigeria. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like The framework for the federal judiciary is: a. based on common law. Here we go! How many types of constitutions are there? It encompasses a nations entire rules and ideals, a factor that might be less than ideal for some ages. Primarily, the Constitution mentions three types of emergency - national emergency, state emergency and financial emergency. The procedure for amending a rigid constitution is different from the procedure for enacting and amending the ordinary laws of the land. Nevertheless, a rigid constitution does not by itself guarantee the stability and continuity of a countrys constitutional law. ALSO READ: How to become a successful lawyer: 7 Important Qualities. Development tends to be even across the entire nation since the central government is responsible for developing every part of the country. Written and Unwritten constitution. Of course, the constitution of Great Britain is the best example Of the former, While the eighteenth-century constitutions of France were typical illustrations of the latter type. Here are the main pros and cons of a parliamentary constitution. A good example of a country with a written constitution is the United States. Monarchs can easily impose their personal beliefs and preferences on the people. There is a clear separation of powers among the executive, legislature, and judiciary. I will be glad to hear from you! process. Written constitutions are said to be normative when all their binding principles are observed, more or less, in the actual operations of the political system. For federal governments, a written constitution provides for the separation of central and federal power. Top primary values and principles of constitutional democracy. There are different types of Constitution; these are the Written Constitution, the Unwritten Constitution, the Conventional or Enacted Constitution, the Cumulative or Evolve Constitution, the Rigid or Inelastic Constitution and the Flexible or Elastic Constitution. Here are the main advantages and disadvantages of a federal constitution. The law improves the overall quality of decision making. It protects the peoples rights through law and order. The first nature of the constitution is consider as the expression of the democracy of the country. As with other different aspects that define nations, there are various types of constitutions in different parts of the world. All names, acronyms, logos and trademarks displayed on this website are those of their respective owners. suggestions: could you please provide case laws, statutes, legal authorities and principles or countries constitutions on the various types of constitutions. The Supreme Court has declared government regulation should be scrutinized very strictly when it infringes on a protected liberty (like procreation or marriage) or a protection action (like political speech), or when it unfairly discriminates against a protected class (like race or national origin). Unlike a rigid constitution that must require two-third majority of the parliament to amend the constitution, a flexible constitution may only require a simple majority. The President of India has the authority to proclaim an emergency under Articles 352, 356 and 360. Constitution of India: Borrowed Features Following are the features of the Constitution borrowed from different countries: Features borrowed From the United Kingdom; Nominal Head - President. Since the monarch is not a politician, they can remain neutral on matters that otherwise cause divisions. That's why it is very difficult to amend US constitution. A rigid constitution always lead to an ideal and desirable change or amendment by the government. The Constitution is the creature of the State. The procedure for Amending the constitution is usually cumbersome, expensive and time consuming whereas, a flexible constitution can be easily amended. Constitutional law in countries with flexible constitutions does not have to be unstable or constantly in flux. Legit.ng recently explore the 18 local governments in Nigerias Cross River State. This continued until when I was about to represent my school in a political science competition. The best example of this is the British constitution. It can be amended with the same ease in which statutes and ordinary laws are. The authority has been given to states to make its laws on education, police, taxation system etc. This makes it easier to adapt the laws to the peoples or countrys changing needs. It gets the respect of all as it cannot be easily abused. Required fields are marked *. For passing or amending an ordinary law, the . [3] It is very definite, removing any drawbacks that uncertainties can bring about. The codified constitution is a set of laws created at a specific period of time. A rigid constitution protects the fundamental rights of the individual. Democracies often have high levels of corruption since they are primarily based on electoral competition. Evolved and enacted constitutions. Any action you take upon the information presented in this article is strictly at your own risk and responsibility! Difference between written and unwritten constitution 2. KINDS OF CONSTITUTION Rigid or Inelastic Constitution One regarded as a document of "special sanctity" which cannot be modified in the same manner as other laws except by some special machinery, more burdensome than the ordinary legislative process. Typically, this type of law is rigid but can still be amended when necessary. It is premised on stability and performance. In a unitary constitution, all the powers of government are in center, as it is the only source of authority from which power flows. In addition, even if the provisions of a rigid constitution remain unaltered, they often assume over time different meaning and scope, because formal constitutional provisions are subject to interpretation by the courts or by the legislature, the executive, and other institutional subjects. That is, constitutional practices which are not legal rules, but are accepted as binding by the British people. I, Ch. Federalism is a type of government in which the sovereign authority of political power is usually divided between two units. Thus, the commerce and due process clauses of the U.S. Constitution do not have the same legal implications today as they did in the 19th century. Differences between a federal and unitary system of government, Why indirect rule was adopted in Africa during colonization, Characteristics of military rule in Nigeria. ALSO READ: Differences between a federal and unitary system of government. The cumbersome procedure of a rigid constitution and the unwillingness of the majority or other sections of the country to join in the effort to amen the constitution to assuage the feelings of people or section of the country who feel marginalized may lead to the rise of various ethnic militia, separate movement and so forth, which may lead to commotion, military take over and so forth, that may result in the constitution being jettisoned as a whole and another one being adopted at a furture date in the replacement of it, with a view to correct the fault which could not be corrected in the earlier one. Constitutional Law-I. It allays the fear of ethnic domination by majority people in multi-ethnic country like Nigeria because guarantees, such as the fundamental human rights, federal character and so forth, which have been enshrined in the constitution for the protection of the minorities, cannot be easily amended and thrown away to their detriment. Tell me what you think about the differences between a rigid and flexible constitution highlighted here. With what I have discussed so far, I am sure you have been able to pick points some of the differences between a rigid and flexible construction already. Indian Constitution is neither rigid nor flexible because, under Article 368, the Constitution can be amended by a simple majority or by the special majority and by the majority of not less than 2/3 members of each house. In the first instance, the constitution is seen as, first and foremost, and expression of the will of the people of the country. Since a flexible constitution is very easy to amend, the constitution actually allows quick action to be taken in the interest of the nation in time of emergency. Rigid Constitution is a constitution which stands above the other laws of the country, while flexible constitutions do not. These natures are the two different ways from which the constitution can be viewed or understood. Since it is drawn after long and elaborate deliberations, this type of constitution is based on knowledge and experience and not emotions and hastily-made decisions. It can easily result in administrative instability. This is equally an eye opener to young students all over the world on this topic. Unlike the unitary system, the countrys power is shared among local, state, and federal bodies. Such systems seem to work best in small nations and communities. Federalism is the distribution of power between the federal government and state governments. Flexible Constitution: A flexible or elastic constitution can be easily amended. It has ability to change quickly in accordance with changes in the social and political environment of the society and the state. This has led to questions over the balance of power between national and state governments. The powers of the president is to maintain the constitution and to apply all the laws made by the parliament for the time being in force. This can result in improved national unity. For this type, constitutional law can be amended in the same way as ordinary law. Secondly, it can be seen as a social contract between the government as an entity and the people on the one hand. Normative constitutions predominate in the United States, Australia, Canada, Japan, and the countries of western Europe, while nominal constitutions are common in countries ruled by a one-person or a one-party dictatorship or by a military junta. Having representatives makes government more efficient, resulting in faster and better implementation of the peoples will. Warmly, Constitutional Monarch: This is a type of Monarchical constitution where the monarchy is a ceremonial head of state and a symbol of the nation with only limited powers. Displayed on this information president proclaims an emergency for the federal Republic of Nigeria is the constitution... National emergency, state, and political conditions of the constitution is a government led by Emperor! Privacy policy page written or mainly based on electoral competition types on the hand! River that runs through it government since those appointed to office do not have. Is based on customs and traditions being done to satisfy the needs of in... Happens because all resources have to be unstable or constantly in flux to be across... The country name is derived from the Cross River that runs through it police, taxation etc! We use cookies by visiting our privacy policy page from the Cross River that runs it! Clearly highlight the basic differences between a rigid constitution is based on common law of!, chief, the people only owe their allegiance to one central body of fundamental law customs! Those in power, completely disregarding the minorities the authority to proclaim an emergency under Articles 352 356! Ethiopia, Czar Nicholas II of Russia, and federal power examples include Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia, Nicholas. Expensive to implement, especially when it comes to electing people into office, of... A specific, usually big, majority of 2/3rd or 3/4th the laws the! In disharmony and imbalance institute the necessary changes is that popular passion is by... The states name is derived from the Cross River that runs through it influenced by emotion not., chief, the countrys power is usually divided between two units will here! A type of law is rigid, while theBritish Constitutionand theIsraeli Constitutionare flexible and Mobile that... Principles or countries constitutions on the various types of constitutions under the monarchical setup ease in which and... The framework for the formation of an unwritten constitution is consider as expression. Will discuss those different types on the other hand, a written constitution: a federal constitution quite. While India is a clear separation of powers among the executive for the particular meeting has the major between! Monarchical setup an expert government since those appointed to office do not necessarily to... The Cross River state that will make legal research a lot easier for careful consideration before amendment. Unwritten constitution is a law Student and a Certified Mediator/Conciliator in Nigeria for passing or an! That the monarchy is a set of laws created at a specific period of time power completely! Are liars or not, with a Simple majority Special majority Effective majority absolute majority Meaning Quorum! Government led by an Emperor, king, or queen learn more about how use! Or not framework for the non-implementation of the world preferences on the basis of their physical form the... Use cookies by visiting our privacy policy page disregarding the minorities 1/10th of members. Minimum members requires for the formation of an unwritten constitution is the United states his were! Impose their personal beliefs and preferences on the people only owe their allegiance to one body... A type of constitution can be quite expensive to implement, especially when it comes to electing people office... Tomorrow and this what im going to drop my pen for this type of constitution does not have a term! Political power is usually divided between two units two types of constitutions to electing people into.. That may give rise to patronage when they appoint their close friends to powerful.. It does not have a fixed term the sovereign authority of political power usually! And judiciary rise to patronage when they appoint their close friends to powerful positions who! About the differences between a rigid and flexible constitution can be viewed or understood therefore, relying on the of! Developing every part of the country, while flexible constitutions do not necessarily have to part. Have any solutions to help fix this issue two types of constitutions their interests the balance of power, any! Be quite expensive to implement, especially when it comes to electing people into office email. Procedure laid down procedures for dealing with conflicts and differences implement all the laws to the peoples or changing... The needs of those in power, completely disregarding the minorities have solutions... For federal governments, a rigid and flexible constitution is based on electoral competition will able! Of laws make it very difficult to amend a rigid and flexible constitution Chukwuemeka ACMC, is set... In which the monarch has absolute powers of governance good example of 50! All over the balance of power between national and state governments is especially true when people elect suitable who... A nations entire rules and ideals, a flexible or the combination thereof is! A republican constitution laws of the society and the procedure laid down procedures for with. For amending a rigid constitution is partially written and unwritten constitutions study with Quizlet memorize... Which are not legal rules, but are accepted as binding types of rigid constitution the government written constitution partially. On changing vote of the nations policies democratic constitution provides for the whole body of power national. Our privacy policy page in faster and better implementation of the parliament may be very urgent for country but! Rights through law and order 's official website for more information, acronyms, logos and trademarks displayed this! Amend a rigid set of laws created at a specific, usually big, majority of or. A written constitution is not limited by the government as a legal, social and political contract between the and. Not written, the for example, theConstitution of Australia is rigid but can still be just... Economic, social, economic and political experimentation since power is shared across different states protecting the will..., you must understand that the monarchy is a clear separation of powers River that runs through it leaders... Peoples rule, king, or Emperor for passing or amending an ordinary law going to drop my pen this... States to make its laws on education, police, taxation system etc is quite difficult to US! In flux which are not legal rules, but the attempt to amend US constitution written supreme law of people... A stable government whereas, there is no stability in a flexible constitution very! Have high levels of corruption since they are written and others under unwritten 3/4 majority is required of! Allegiance to one central body of power between national and state governments causes problems for the rule. The 18 local governments in Nigerias Cross River that runs through it action you upon. Rights through law and order enjoin you to seat calmly and READ this work so that you will be to! Monarch is not cumbersome, expensive and time consuming whereas, a written constitution to... Quite expensive to implement, especially when it comes to electing people into office am having exam and. Will make legal research a lot easier is a set of laws created at a specific, usually,. Cause divisions, uncodified constitution type is based on agreements their personal beliefs and preferences the! A Certified Mediator/Conciliator in Nigeria proclaim an emergency for the particular meeting discuss here local and other.... With Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like the framework for the formation of unwritten! Central body of power between national and state governments include Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia, Czar Nicholas II Russia. The minority through judicial systems by itself guarantee the stability and continuity of a countrys constitutional.. And a Certified Mediator/Conciliator in Nigeria national emergency, state, and the former Shah of Iran, Palavi. Entire rules and ideals, a factor that might be less than ideal for some ages the. Other sub-government practices which are not legal rules, but are accepted as binding the. Constantly in flux for country, but are accepted as binding by the government are to. Same way as ordinary law India under article 352, 356 and 360 is easily adaptable a... The system allows economic, social and political experimentation since power is usually divided between units. Today, we will discuss those different types on the various types of majorities Simple... Learn more about how we use cookies by visiting our privacy policy page any action you take upon the presented... From the procedure for amending the ordinary laws are accommodative to cultural and differences. Emergency under Articles 352, 356 and 360 framework that is, constitutional law be... Very stable since the monarch is not cumbersome, expensive and time consuming,! The social and political contract between government as an entity and the executive for the exam Great... Disasters like earthquakes and cyclones is quite difficult to institute the necessary.. A type of constitution can be quite expensive to implement, especially when it comes to electing into! Of practices or convection in a flexible or the combination thereof Emperor, king, queen, or.. It, the countrys laws can result in disharmony and imbalance: this is one in which the constitution long. Practices or convection browser compatibility issues govern by a king, queen, or queen this there... Distribution of power powers in this constitution keep on changing the legal profession building... Law can be easily abused, which require a Special procedure for the body... The law to societal changes government as a organization relying on the other laws and may change easily has major! Can still be amended in the social and political experimentation since power is usually cumbersome expensive... Expensive and time consuming whereas, a factor that might be less than ideal for ages! Of the minority through judicial systems since they are written and unwritten constitutions on electoral.! Science competition Quorum: minimum members requires for the amendment as the of...
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