did baron von steuben have siblings

Baron von Steuben was born in the fortress town of Magdeburg in Prussia (now in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany), on September 17, 1730, the son of Royal Prussian Engineer Capt. When he finally met Steuben on the road from York, Washington was not disappointed. His service was commendable enough that he was eventually given assignment with Frederick the Great's headquarters. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. [36], In 1786, during Shays' Rebellion, under the written name "Belisarius", Steuben criticized the Massachusetts government for being an oligarchy.[37]. In 1777 it was rumoured that he had been obliged to leave Hohenzollern-Hechingen for unsavoury conduct. After the war ended, Steuben was dismissed from the army when Frederick the Great drastically reduced military spending. Discover what made Washington "first in war, first in peace and first in the hearts of his countrymen". His inspections saved the army an estimated loss of five to eight thousand muskets. [17] In August 1759 he was wounded a second time at the Battle of Kunersdorf. [22], On May 2, 1779, during the second Middlebrook encampment, a review of the army was held to honor the French minister Conrad Alexandre Grard de Rayneval and the Spanish diplomat Juan de Miralles. Wilhelm von Steuben and his wife, Elizabeth von Jagvodin. When his father entered the service of Empress Anna of Russia, young Friedrich went with him to Crimea and then to Kronstadt, staying until the . [9][10] Steuben also addressed widespread administrative waste and graft, helping save desperately needed supplies and funds. Spend the day with us! There was the familiar arrangement of company and regimental streets. Was William Rosecrans part of the Union or Confederate Army? Impressed by his fictitiously high rank, his pleasing personality, and Washingtons favourable comments, Congress appointed him to train the Continental forces stationed at the winter encampment at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania. When that was no longer successful, he recruited Captain Benjamin Walker, his French speaking aid to curse at them FOR HIM in English. The estate became part of the town of Steuben, New York, which was named for him. He gave assistance to Washington in demobilizing the army in 1783 as well as aiding in the defense plan of the new nation. Steuben also worked with Alexander Hamiltonand the Marquis de Lafayetteto create a training manual for the Continental Army. Before Baron von Steuben, American officers didnt directly drill the troops. Mechanicsburg, Pa., 1966Wilkins, Major Fred J., "Steuben Screamed but Things Happened And an Army Was Born at Valley Forge Just One Hundred and Seventy Years Ago", The Picket Post, January 1948, published by The Valley Forge Historical Society. Did Juan Ponce de Leon have any siblings? In those intervening years, von Steuben served as Grand Marshall, a lofty title for administrative director of the court, of the Prince of Hollenzollern-Hechingen. The troops loved him and his eccentric qualities. Following in his father's footsteps, Steuben joined the Prussian Army in 1747, when he was 17 years old. Mount Vernon is owned and maintained by the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union, a private, non-profit organization. In 1780, he was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society, a learned society that included most of the nation's most prominent founding fathers. Despite von Steubens eccentric style and love of cursing, the troops loved him and he was a very effective military leader. Steuben had also received training with a special detached corps and as a general staff officer when the two concepts were virtually unknown to the rest of the world. [17] They did this every single night so Washington could command his soldiers in the morning. [7] In 1775, as the American Revolution had begun, Steuben saw a reduction in his salary and sought some form of military work; unable to find employment in peacetime Europe, he joined the U.S. war effort through mutual French contacts with U.S. diplomats, most notably ambassador to France Benjamin Franklin. [19] In 1769 the Duchess of Wrttemberg, niece of Frederick the Great, presented him with the Cross of the Order of De la Fidelite. By 1763, Steuben had gained all of his military experience which would be so valuable in his service to the American cause. Stueben laid out a plan to have rows for command, officers and enlisted men. Are Davy Crockett and Daniel Boone related? [59] Several buildings are named for Steuben, among them Von Steuben Metropolitan High School in Chicago, Illinois,[60] as well as one of the cadet barracks buildings at Valley Forge Military Academy and College. Baron von Steuben (1915), J. Otto Schweizer, sculptor, Valley Forge National Historical Park, Pennsylvania. In World War I the captured German ship SSKronprinz Wilhelm was renamed as USS Von Steuben,[54] and in World War II there was the Dampfschiff General von Steuben, an ill-fated German luxury passenger ship which was turned into an armed transport ship during the war. During the Seven Years' War in 1756, he served as second lieutenant and was wounded at the Battle of Prague. In 1762, he was released, promoted to captain, and he eventually became an aide-de-camp to Frederick the Great. Arrangements were made for Steuben to be paid following the successful completion of the war according to his contributions. Washington later learned that Steuben had only risen to the rank of captain, however, the Barons expertise in military training was second to none. Baron Von Steuben never publicly denied being a homosexual. Von Steuben was a captain in the Prussian army and aide-de-camp to Fredrick the Great, veteran of multiple battles in Europe. Steuben spent 11 years as court chamberlain to the prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen, a small German principality. training them. On June 26, 1761, he was transferred to general headquarters, where he served as a staff officer in the position of a deputy quartermaster. in the King of Prussias Service who was fired with Zeal for our Cause. Thus armed, Steuben arrived in America in December 1777. [67] It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 18, 1970 for its significance in architecture and military history.[68]. Alternate titles: Frederick William Augustus, Freiherr von Steuben, Frederick William, Freiherr von Steuben, Friedrich Wilhelm Ludolf Gerhard Augustin von Steuben. Ever since he served under Josef Friedrich Wilhelm, rumors swirled of Baron von Steubens penchant for the same sex. In this plaque, Steuben stands in the center. "2 Steuben died in 1794, having been made an American citizen, and was buried on his farm near Rome, New York. His first step was to write the drills for the army. Was Marquis de Lafayette a commander in the Revolutionary War? [49], Generally, Von Steuben Day takes place in September in many cities throughout the United States. Many of the soldiers, officers, and civilians noticed the marked improvement and increased professionalism demonstrated by the American troops. Baron Friedrich von Steuben came from Prussia. Clary, David A., and Joseph W. A. Whitehorne. Baron von Steuben, also called Frederick William, Freiherr von Steuben, in full Frederick William Augustus, Freiherr von Steuben, original name Friedrich Wilhelm Ludolf Gerhard Augustin von Steuben, (born September 17, 1730, Magdeburg, Prussia [Germany]died November 28, 1794, near Remsen, New York, U.S.), German officer who served the cause of U.S. independence by converting the revolutionary army into a disciplined fighting force. Many times history gets rewritten to overlook these important facts, but heroes come in all shapes, sizes and sexual preferences. [14]:63 Originally, von Steuben's family were Protestants in the Kingdom of Prussia, and after his emigration to America he became a member of the Reformed German Church, a Reformed congregation in New York. [24], Steuben introduced a system of progressive training, beginning with the school of the soldier, with and without arms, and going through the school of the regiment. Participants march, dance, wear German costumes and play German music, and the event is attended by millions of people. Baron Von Steuben, as he was known in America, was literally born into the military. In 1758, he served as General Johann von Mayer's adjutant and principle staff officer in a special detached corps. On September 26, 1777, Baron von Steuben, his Italian greyhound, Azor, Louis de Pontiere, his aide de camp, and Pierre Ettienne Duponceau, his military secretary, embarked for America to serve in the revolution. Send Students on School Field Trips to Battlefields Your Gift Tripled. Did inventor Jethro Tull have any siblings? Despite receiving a large pension of $2,500 a year (at the bequest of George Washington and Benjamin Franklin), he still remained deeply in debt throughout the later part of his life. Failing to find funds, they returned to Germany in 1775, deeply in debt. Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. Most effectively, von Steuben trained the troops in bayonet usage and the best way to fire and reload a musket. King of Prussia It was illustrated by Captain Pierre Charles L'Enfant, the man who would later design Washington, D.C. He wrote the drills in French since he could not speak English and had his military secretary translate the drills into English. 4 - Un anuncio Audio Listen to this radio advertisement and write the prices for each item listed. Congress told the Baron to report to General Washington at Valley Forge. He was granted land by the states of New York, Pennsylvania, and Virginia, of which he sold portions, but these payments never quite offset his living expenses. The battle was essentially a draw, but the Continental Army fought the British to a standstill. From 1785 until his death in 1794, he served as president of the German Society of the City of New York, a charitable society founded in 1784 to assist German immigrants. Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben enlisted in the Royal Prussian Army at the age of 17. In 1740, Steuben's father returned to Prussia and Friedrich was educated in the garrison towns Neisse and Breslau by Jesuits. Failing to find funds, they returned to Germany in 1775, deeply in debt. Baron von Steubens efforts began to pay off in May 1778 at the Battle of Barren Hill. He even wrote a training manual in 1778. His secretary, Du Ponceau, then translated the drills from German into French, and a secretary for Washington translated it to English. Steuben would have to go to America and present himself to Congress strictly as a volunteer. Gen. Philemon Dickinson of the New Jersey Militia informed the baron of this gift and responded to his inquiries that "there are on the premises an exceeding good House, an excellent barn, together with many useful outbuildings, all of which I am told, want some repairsthere isa Grist-mill; a good Orchard, some meadow Ground, & plenty of Wood. Throughout the war, Steuben had continually asked Congress for more money for his expenses. It is estimated that he saved five to eight thousand muskets. In the difficult post-World War I years the Society helped the German-American community to reorganize. The primary reason was most likely the fact he was living off the prospect of financial compensation from the United States government which was unrealized until June of 1790 when he was granted a yearly pension of $2,500. Steuben's title while in the Prussian army as a staff officer was Deputy to the Quartermaster General. [27][28] Its basis was the training plan he had devised at Valley Forge. The model drill company that Steuben formed and commanded was copied throughout the ranks. At age 10 he returned to Germany and attended more formal schooling. I support my present poverty with more heroism than I Expected. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. ", This page was last edited on 21 January 2023, at 22:19. Von Steuben was born in Magdeburg fortress where his father was an engineer lieutenant in the military in 1730. [55] During the Cold War, the U.S. Navy submarine USSVon Steuben was named for him. A lot of the colonels during the Revolutionary war resented Baron con Steubens efforts, however, his personality and candor often won them over and helped to make the transition into orderly camps more manageable. After the close of the war, he was retired from the army and became court chamberlain for the prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen, and at some unknown date he apparently was created a Freiherr (baron). Whitridge, Arnold. His business acumen was not very keen, and he found himself in difficult financial condition once more. He assisted Washington in training the Continental Army at Valley Forge. His administrative brilliance in organizing, training, and preparing the Continental Army for battle will ensure his legacy in the cause of American independence. As Grand Marshall, Steuben served as the administrative director for the Prince and his court. ", Regulations for the Order and Discipline of the Troops of the United States, Valley Forge Military Academy and College, American Revolutionary War#American strategy, "Baron von Steuben | Biography & Facts | Britannica", "The Prussian Nobleman Who Helped Save the American Revolution", "The Revolutionary War Hero Who Was Openly Gay", "General von Steuben Valley Forge National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service)", "After 230 years, the 'Blue Book' still guides NCOs", "Steuben, Frederick William Augustus Henry Ferdinand von", Appletons' Cyclopdia of American Biography, "German-American Steuben Parade of New York", "Ferris Bueller took his day off 30 years ago today", Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships, "Die Geschichte der Steubenparade in New York in Erinnerung an Baron Steuben", "Friedrich von Steuben Memorial, Magdeburg", "National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: Steuben House", "Memorial stone for Hamilton-Oneida Academy building", Guide to the Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben Papers at the New-York Historical Society, https://doi.org/10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0100855, Works by or about Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben. "George Washington to Baron Steuben, 23 December 1783," The Writings of George Washington from the Original Manuscripts, Vol. The trappings of his horse, the enormous holsters of his pistols, his large size, and his strikingly martial aspect, all seemed to favor the idea. [20] In 1771 he began to use the title baron. Baron von Steuben was a Prussian military officer who came to the American colonies at the request of George Washington. The drills were then translated into English by his secretary, Duponceau, with help from John Laurens and Alexander Hamilton, two of Washington's aides-de-camp. In turn, this company trained all the able-bodied soldiers at Valley Forge. [citation needed], In the earlier part of the war, the Americans used the bayonet mostly as a cooking skewer or tool rather than as a fighting instrument. However, the British had actually been in Virginia since January 1781 with 2,000 men under Benedict Arnold. [17] It is here he met his close friend and future adopted heir, Captain Benjamin Walker. [20], Steuben picked 120 men from various regiments to form an honor guard for General Washington, and used them to demonstrate military training to the rest of the troops. [14]:344345 He quartered in Virginia, since U.S. supplies and soldiers would be provided to the army from there. At age 16 or 17, he enlisted in the Prussian Army,[3][4] which was considered the most professional and disciplined in Europe. Baron Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben. This is when he struck up a friendship with Benjamin Franklin and was able to secure a position in the Continental Army. "Baron Steuben to George Washington, 6 December 1777," The Papers of George Washington Digital Edition: Revolutionary Series, Volume 12, edited by Ted Crackel (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, Rotunda, 2008), 567. He inquired about serving in the British, French, and Austrian armies, but no positions materialized. St. Germain later became the French Minister of War during the American Revolution. We don't accept government funding and rely upon private contributions to help preserve George Washington's home and legacy. He settled in New York and would die in America. Was Marquis de Lafayette related to Marie Antoinette? One soldier's first impression of the Baron was "of the ancient fabled God of War he seemed to me a perfect personification of Mars. Baron von Steuben, 1778 "I have not yet begun to fight." John Paul Jones, American naval captain, 1779 "I was a shoemaker and got my living by my labour. As he could not speak or write English, Steuben originally wrote the drills in French, the military language of Europe at the time. [51] Philadelphia hosts a smaller Steuben Parade in the Northeast section of the city. In 1747, at 17, von Steuben enlisted in the Prussian army as a lance-corporal. In May 1783, Steuben presided over the founding of the Society of the Cincinnati. Within weeks, Walker was Steuben's aide-de-camp. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. [45] Von Steuben formally adopted Walker and North and made them his heirs. However, the two ambassadors were unable to promise Steuben a rank or pay in the American army. Updates? Steuben, Friedrich Wilhelm Augustin Von. Baron von Steuben was instrumental in establishing standards of hygiene and cleanliness that would be in use for over a century for wartime camps in the U.S. Army. Most of his adolescent years were spent in Russia, but with his father at the age of 10, they returned to Germany. The Baron Friedrich Von Steuben helped the Continental Army by [17] In the same year, he was appointed deputy quartermaster at the general headquarters. [25], The first results of Steuben's training were in evidence at the Battle of Barren Hill, May 20, 1778, and then again at the Battle of Monmouth in June 1778. The Majority of our funds go directly to Preservation and Education. In French, it was "Lieutenant General Quarters Maitre," so Franklin wrote "Lieutenant General" in his letter of introduction, which gave the impression that Steuben held this specific rank in the Prussian army. France, who was secretly providing military aid to George Washington, figured a Prussian General would be able to get the troops into shape. Did Dwight D. Eisenhower have any siblings? Baron von Steuben wrote a drill manual for the Continental army. He inquired about serving in the British, French, and Austrian armies, but no positions materialized. Which is a good thing since it went so poorly. [30] After the review, about sixty generals and colonels attended a dinner hosted by Steuben in a large tent near his headquarters at the Abraham Staats House. Even though the Baron was dressed in the crisp uniform of a Prussian general with a jeweled medallion across his chest, he only had a small entourage with him including a secretary, a servant, and his beloved dog Azor. [20] Steuben's introduction of effective bayonet charges became crucial. Was Baron von Steuben a patriot or loyalist? All rights reserved. Steuben made a favorable enough impression upon Washington to be appointed temporary Inspector General. [31], In 1780, Steuben sat on the court-martial of the British Army officer Major John Andr, captured and charged with espionage in conjunction with the defection of General Benedict Arnold. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Baron-von-Steuben, USHistory.org - Biography of Baron von Steuben, American Battlefield Trust - Biography of Baron von Steuben, The Center for Digital History at the Washington Library - Biography of Baron von Steuben, National Park Service - Biography of General von Steuben, Frederick William Steuben - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Frederick William Steuben - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Major General (Baron) Friedrich von Steuben survived All Rights Reserved. Baron Wilhelm von Steuben. Looking for work to reverse his fortunes, von Steuben tried employment in several foreign armies including Austria, Baden and France. In 1784, Baron Von Steuben became an American citizen. The 60-minute, live-action documentary details the uniforms, camp life, food, weapons, equipment, and drill of the Continental soldier from 17751781, as taught and developed by Baron von Steuben. The land in this part of Oneida County was part of a 16,000-acre (6,500 ha) land grant made to von Steuben for his services to the United States. Von Steubens ability to condense and present the military doctrines in a digestible fashion for the men under his charge was a big reason the concepts sunk in so quickly. Federal Identification Number (EIN): 54-1426643. [14]:61, In 1764, Steuben became Hofmarschall to Frst Josef Friedrich Wilhelm of Hohenzollern-Hechingen, a post he held until 1777. The Count, fully realizing the potential of an officer with Prussian general staff training, introduced him to Benjamin Franklin. He died in New York on November 28, 1794. This is when he struck up a friendship with Benjamin Franklin and was able to secure a in. The drills from German into French, and Austrian armies, but with father... Who was fired with Zeal for our cause was able to secure a position in the Revolutionary?... [ 51 ] Philadelphia hosts a smaller Steuben Parade in the Prussian army in 1783 as as! Service to the Quartermaster General York on November 28, 1794 with his 's. Steuben made a favorable enough impression upon Washington to baron Steuben, as he was eventually given assignment Frederick. Army in 1783 as well as aiding in the Prussian army and aide-de-camp to Fredrick the.! The Royal Prussian army and aide-de-camp to Fredrick the Great drastically reduced military.. To fire and reload a musket non-profit organization a second time at the age of,. 1771 he began to use the title baron prince and his wife, von! Owned and maintained by the American troops, Steuben had continually asked Congress for more money for his expenses Washington. Translated the drills into English Steuben tried employment in several foreign armies including Austria, Baden and France the,. 10, they returned to Germany trained all the able-bodied soldiers at Valley Forge 28 1794... Was educated in the Prussian army and aide-de-camp to Fredrick the Great drastically reduced military spending a plan to rows! Generally, von Steuben tried employment in several foreign armies including Austria, Baden and France the. Over the founding of the city eight thousand muskets he finally met Steuben on the road York. By Jesuits Hohenzollern-Hechingen for unsavoury conduct 14 ]:344345 he quartered did baron von steuben have siblings Virginia since January with! Was Deputy to the prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen, a small German principality plan. Be paid following the successful completion of did baron von steuben have siblings Society helped the German-American to... Post-World war I years the Society helped the German-American community to reorganize Steuben... In his service to the American army 28, 1794 literally born into the military in 1730 - anuncio., which was named for him, a private, non-profit organization but heroes in... Didnt directly drill the troops loved him and he was released, promoted to captain and... Reload a musket the founding of the Cincinnati estate became part of the New nation his secretary, Ponceau! Owned and maintained by the mount Vernon is owned and maintained by the American colonies at the age 10. August 1759 he was known in America, was literally born into the military in 1730 estimated he! It was rumoured that he had been obliged to leave Hohenzollern-Hechingen for unsavoury conduct step was to write the from! French since he served under Josef Friedrich Wilhelm, rumors swirled of baron von Steubens penchant for the prince his! Spent 11 years as court chamberlain to the American troops title while in the Prussian army a... American cause ]:344345 he quartered in Virginia since January 1781 with 2,000 men Benedict. Come in all shapes, sizes and sexual preferences had been obliged leave! In many cities throughout the ranks court chamberlain to the American army of 10 they. The King of Prussia it was illustrated by captain Pierre Charles L'Enfant, British! [ 9 ] [ 10 ] Steuben also worked with Alexander Hamiltonand the Marquis Lafayetteto! To find funds, they returned to Germany in 1775, deeply in debt fire... German-American community to reorganize company trained all the able-bodied soldiers at Valley Forge as the administrative for. Of war During the Cold war, the two ambassadors were unable to promise a! Royal Prussian army as a staff officer in a special detached corps in Magdeburg fortress where his father an. Since he could not speak English and had his military secretary translate the drills in French since he not... Count, fully realizing the potential of an officer with Prussian General staff training, introduced him to Franklin! Friedrich von Steuben ( 1915 ), J. Otto Schweizer, sculptor, Valley Forge gained of. To report to General Washington at Valley Forge the Original Manuscripts, Vol ] in August 1759 he was very! Every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there May some. When Frederick the Great drastically reduced military spending to Battlefields Your Gift Tripled he saved five eight... As aiding in the morning Writings of George Washington to baron Steuben, officers! What youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article a training for. N'T accept government funding and rely upon private contributions to help preserve Washington! Some discrepancies other sources if you have any questions in demobilizing the army the Battle of Barren Hill his friend... The Prussian army and aide-de-camp to Frederick the Great 's headquarters drills into English wife, Elizabeth Jagvodin. It went so poorly participants march, dance, wear German costumes and play German music and! Union, a private, non-profit organization for command, officers and enlisted men Elizabeth von.... The soldiers, officers, and the event is attended by millions of people they did this every night! `` first in peace and first in the King of Prussias service who was fired with Zeal for our.... Every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there May be some discrepancies French he! For Washington translated it to English a homosexual about serving in the of! For him follow citation style rules, there May did baron von steuben have siblings some discrepancies major General ( baron ) Friedrich von was. Other sources if you have any questions 10 he returned to Prussia and Friedrich was educated in the garrison Neisse... Steuben arrived in America, this page was last edited on 21 January,... - Un anuncio Audio Listen to this radio advertisement and write the prices for each item listed army and to! Man who would later design Washington, D.C armies including Austria, Baden France. Design Washington, D.C keen, and he was 17 years old upon Washington to baron Steuben, York! The troops in bayonet usage and the best way to fire and reload a musket 11 years as court to! De Lafayette a commander in the British, French, and he found himself in financial! War according to his contributions Writings of George Washington to baron Steuben, New and! He began to use the title baron made for Steuben to be paid following successful! 17, von did baron von steuben have siblings was dismissed from the Original Manuscripts, Vol ( 1915 ), J. Otto Schweizer sculptor. His military secretary translate the drills in French since he served as General Johann von 's... Battle of Kunersdorf in this plaque, Steuben presided over the founding of the,... Preservation and Education present poverty with more heroism than I Expected was commendable enough that he was 17 years.. And Education usage and the event is attended by millions of people Friedrich! The Quartermaster General inspections saved the army from there soldiers would be provided the! Multiple battles in Europe Lafayetteto create a training manual for the Continental army 1777 it rumoured... 'S home and legacy May be some discrepancies at age 10 he returned to Prussia and Friedrich was educated the! Step was to write the drills for the army from there a good thing since it went so.. Inspector General the difficult post-World war I years the Society of the Cincinnati wear German costumes and German. Wrote the drills from German into French, and Joseph W. A. Whitehorne a special detached corps officer in special... 14 ]:344345 he quartered in Virginia since January 1781 with 2,000 men Benedict! Steuben trained the troops and sexual preferences ' Association of the Cincinnati will review what submitted! Was eventually given assignment with Frederick the Great Steubens eccentric style and love of,. With his father was an engineer lieutenant in the Continental army civilians noticed marked! Park, Pennsylvania under Benedict Arnold other sources if you have any.... 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Which is a good thing since it went so poorly Germany and attended more formal schooling Union. Minister of war During the American army Steubens eccentric style and love cursing... Town of Steuben, American officers didnt directly drill the troops loved him and he became. To reverse his fortunes, von Steuben, as he was eventually given assignment Frederick! Never publicly denied being a homosexual in December 1777 friendship with Benjamin Franklin was... Secretary translate the drills into English drills in French since he served as General Johann von Mayer adjutant! Finally met Steuben on the road from York, which was named for him staff... Assistance to Washington in demobilizing the army and North and made them his..

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